Glaucoma is a progressive eye disease that causes damage to the optic nerve, often linked to increased intraocular pressure (IOP). It is one of the leading causes of irreversible vision loss worldwide.
The optic nerve is made up of over a million nerve fibers. Elevated eye pressure can damage these fibers, starting with peripheral (side) vision and gradually affecting central vision. Once nerve damage occurs, it cannot be reversed.
The goal of treatment is to lower intraocular pressure and preserve remaining vision.
Prescription Eye Drops
These are usually the first treatment step.
Oral Medications
Used when eye drops aren’t effective. Often carbonic anhydrase inhibitors like acetazolamide.
Laser Procedures
Surgical Treatment
Glaucoma management includes:
There is no cure for glaucoma, but early treatment can help prevent further optic nerve damage and vision loss. Ongoing care is essential.
Normal intraocular pressure ranges from 10 to 21 mmHg. Pressures above this level may increase glaucoma risk.
No. Optic nerve damage is permanent, but further damage can be slowed or prevented with treatment.
Yes, without treatment, glaucoma can lead to total blindness. Early diagnosis is critical.
