Retina & Vitreous

Common Eye Diseases and Disorders

Maintaining eye health is essential for clear vision and overall well-being. The retina and vitreous are crucial parts of the eye that play a significant role in sight. Damage to these areas can lead to serious conditions affecting vision. Below, we discuss common eye diseases or medically known as Vitreoretinal disorders.

What Are the Retina and Vitreous?

 The retina is a thin layer of light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye that converts light into neural signals, sending them to the brain for visual recognition. 

The vitreous is a gel-like substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina, helping maintain the eye’s shape.

Common Retina and Vitreous Disorders:

  • Retinal Detachment: A medical emergency where the retina pulls away from the back of the eye, leading to vision loss if untreated.
  • Macular Hole: A small break in the central part of the retina (macula) that can cause blurred or distorted vision.
  • Vitreous Hemorrhage: Bleeding into the vitreous gel, often due to diabetic retinopathy or trauma, causing sudden vision loss or floaters.
  • Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD): The vitreous shrinks and pulls away from the retina, leading to floaters or flashes of light.
Diabetic Retinopathy
What is Diabetic Retinopathy?

Diabetic retinopathy occurs when high blood sugar damages the small blood vessels in the retina, leading to vision impairment or blindness if untreated.

Discover More About Diabetic Retinopathy →
Macular Degeneration
What is Macular Degeneration?

Macular degeneration (AMD) affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp vision. It is a leading cause of blindness, especially in older adults.

Learn More About Macular Degeneration →
Ocular Oncology
What is Ocular Oncology?

Ocular oncology focuses on diagnosing and treating tumors in or around the eye, including both benign and malignant growths.

Common Tumors:
  • Choroidal melanoma
  • Conjunctival tumors
  • Retinoblastoma (in children)
Treatment Options:
  • Radiation therapy (plaque brachytherapy)
  • Surgical tumor removal
  • Laser therapy
  • Chemotherapy for advanced cases
Retinoblastoma
What is Retinoblastoma?

Retinoblastoma is a rare but aggressive eye cancer in children that develops in the retina and can spread if not treated early.

Symptoms:
  • A white glow in the pupil (seen in flash photos)
  • Crossed or misaligned eyes
  • Eye redness or swelling
Treatment Options:
  • Chemotherapy to shrink tumors
  • Laser therapy or cryotherapy for small tumors
  • Radiation therapy or surgery for advanced cases

When Is Vitreoretinal Surgery Needed?

You may need vitreoretinal treatment if you experience:

  • Sudden flashes or floaters
  • Loss of central or peripheral vision
  • Blurred or distorted vision
  • Signs of diabetic eye disease

Early diagnosis and intervention are key to preserving vision.

Protect Your Vision

Regular eye exams are crucial for the early detection and treatment of the retina and vitreous disorders. If you experience any vision changes, seek our professional eye care expertise at Khetarpal Hospital immediately.